2022 QS 世界大學排名出爐！

Ivy-Way Academy

3 years ago

繼上週 CWUR 公佈 2022-2023 世界大學排名之後，QS 也公佈了世界大學排名，麻省理工 (MIT) 連續第 10 年成為排行榜的龍頭，牛津大學（Oxford）、史丹佛大學（Stanford）、劍橋大學（Cambridge）及哈佛大學（Harvard）則分別為 2022 年的第二至第五名。現在就讓我們一起來看看這份 QS 世界大學排名榜單吧！

QS 排名評分標準

我們都會跟學生強調，一定要了解每個不同的排名的標準。不同的排名機構對大學的條件有主觀的認知，也都有不同的算法，學生跟家長應該要先理解排名評分的算法，如果您認同這個算法，這個排行表對您才有意義。

QS 依照以下 6 大類為大學做評分：

1. 學術聲望 (Academic reputation) (40%)

在所有指標中，學術聲望的分數是佔比最高的。QS 搜集了超過 100,000 位在高等教育領域裡從事教育與研究品質專家的意見。這份全球最大的學術意見調查可以分析學術人士對不同學校的情感。

2. 企業聲望 (Employer reputation) (10%)

學生將會持續把大學教育視為進入就業市場的重要準備。所以對於全球的學生來說，學校排名即是評估該學校是否提供這樣的完善準備的指標。雇主聲譽指標是由 QS 雇主調查中的 50,000 份問卷中分析得出的數據，並在調查當中要求雇主從這些學校中識別出最具競爭力、創新性及高效能的畢業生。

3. 師生比例 (Faculty/Student ratio) (20%)

學生以排名來比較學校時，通常將教學品質視為最重要的指標，但這項指標十分難以測量。不過，師生比例是衡量教學品質最有效的指標之一。這個數據能夠評估哪間學校能提供學生與導師之間進行有意義的交流，如果有多位教師可以輔導一位學生將能減輕每位教學者的負擔。

4. 引述比例 (Citations per faculty) (20%)

教學是教育機構的其中一項關鍵的使命，另一項就是論文產出了。我們利用教師論文平均被引用的數量來當指標，衡量教育機構的研究品質。我們採用五年間該機構的學者的所有被引用的論文總數來計算比例。所有引文數據來自世界最大的學術期刊數據資料庫 – Elsevier Scopus 資料庫。

5-6. 國際職員比例 / 國際學生比例 (International faculty ratio / International student ratio) (各 5%)

一間高度國際化的大學應具備一些優勢以吸引從世界各地而來的老師與學生，讓學校成為一個強勢的國際品牌。一間成功營運著國際高等教育的機構會提供給學生及教職員跨國的多元環境，促進最佳實踐與信念的交流，同時讓學生意識到全球的走向：軟技能對於雇主越來越有價值。

這兩項指標各佔總數的 5%。

QS 的世界排名可信嗎？跟 CWUR 世界排名及 “最具公信力的 US News” 相比呢？

大學排名有此一說是給亞洲家長跟學生看的，因為亞洲學生跟家長不懂，所以大家就很容易被（留學機構）帶風向，很少人會停下來問 why 跟質疑他的公正性。像是 “大家都說 US News 最有權威最具公信力” 這類的話，我們就認為很荒謬。

“可不可信” 是主觀的，學生看排名之前要先看排名的算法跟比重，然後評估 “你有多認同這種評分方式？” 如果你 100% 認同他的算分方式跟比重，那這個排名，至少對你來說，就是 100% 最公正最可信的。如果你只認同一半，或只在意其中一半的數據，那它對你就只有 50% 的可信度，以此類推。

講到 US News，Ivy-Way 過去 11 年訪談不下 1000 位學生，他們都認為 “學生就讀滿意度”、”教授教學品質”、“課外活動機會”、“大學生活品質”、“校園便利性”、“就業率”、“畢業後薪水”、“升遷機會” 是他們在意的。如果你也認同這些很重要，那 US News Report 的排名對你的可信度跟公信力就是 0%，因為這些全部都不是 US News Report 的考量範圍內！

記得這段所說的：心裡先想哪些數據對你來說覺得重要，那些數據個別有多重要。對世界大學排名感興趣的學生跟家長，我們強烈建議把這篇 QS 世界大學排名跟之前的 CWUR 世界排名兩篇文章做對比，看看這兩個排行表的排名評分標準，看看你的標準比較接近 QS 還是 CWUR 的評分標準，那個世界大學排行表對你就是比較可信的排名。另外，如果如果跟你心中的標準跟那個排名的標準有至少 50% 的相似度，那它就有值得你參考的價值！

2022 世界大學排名

前 10 名中有 5 所大學來自美國，有趣的是，常春藤盟校的八所大學中，只有哈佛大學擠進 top 10。而亞洲排名最高的學校是第 11 名的新加坡大學，比第 13 名的常春藤賓州大學還高！

下面是世界排名的前 200 所大學，跟去年比有不小的變化：

排名	學校	總分	國際學生	國際職員	師生比例	引述比例	學術聲望	企業聲望
1	Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)	100	91.4	100	100	100	100	100
2	University of Oxford	99.5	98.5	99.5	100	96	100	100
3	Stanford University	98.7	67	99.8	100	99.9	100	100
3	University of Cambridge	98.7	97.7	100	100	92.1	100	100
5	Harvard University	98	70.1	84.2	99.1	100	100	100
6	California Institute of Technology (Caltech)	97.4	87.7	99.4	100	100	96.7	89.9
7	Imperial College London	97.3	100	100	99.8	88.1	98.4	99.8
8	ETH Zurich	95.4	98.2	100	80.4	99.8	98.7	95.3
8	UCL	95.4	100	99.5	99	78	99.4	98.9
10	University of Chicago	94.5	84.9	71.9	95.5	90.6	99.2	93.5
11	National University of Singapore (NUS)	93.9	70.3	100	86.8	90.6	99.6	97.1
12	Nanyang Technological University, Singapore	90.8	69.6	100	89.5	95.5	91.1	85
13	University of Pennsylvania	90.7	58.1	94.1	100	74	96.2	93.8
14	EPFL	90.2	100	100	94.8	99.8	82.4	79.7
14	Yale University	90.2	69.8	87.9	100	59.9	99.9	100
16	The University of Edinburgh	89.9	99.6	99.3	83.5	69.5	98	97.3
17	Tsinghua University	89	26.3	15.3	90.6	96	98.6	97.6
18	Peking University	88.8	38.5	45.6	83.5	89.5	99.4	98.2
19	Columbia University	88.7	98.4	52.7	100	55.6	99.6	98.4
20	Princeton University	88.6	63.2	28.1	68.7	100	99.9	99.2
21	Cornell University	88.3	66.1	75.6	61.3	98.9	98.4	93.9
22	The University of Hong Kong	86.3	98.9	100	85.4	62.1	97.9	73.1
23	The University of Tokyo	86.2	28.5	3.3	92.4	79	100	99.6
23	University of Michigan-Ann Arbor	86.2	34.9	63.4	90.2	70.5	98.6	93
25	Johns Hopkins University	85.9	91.7	55.1	100	89.9	87.6	51.6
26	University of Toronto	85.4	94.9	98.6	69.4	58.8	99.5	98.2
27	McGill University	84	96.6	92.2	73.3	65.5	92.5	94.4
27	The Australian National University	84	98.8	100	44.4	95.4	94.6	79.3
27	The University of Manchester	84	99.3	94	72.5	58.1	95.2	98
30	Northwestern University	82.8	49.6	30	99.3	87.1	84.4	74.7
31	Fudan University	82.6	45.5	93.3	91.5	71.7	84.8	89.1
32	University of California, Berkeley	82.5	55.3	95.4	23.3	99.9	100	100
33	Kyoto University	82.3	22.7	5.4	96	60.3	98.7	97.8
34	The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology	82.2	89.2	100	64.8	98.2	84.2	60.7
35	King’s College London	82	100	99.2	83.4	53.9	88.9	86.2
36	Seoul National University	81.7	8.9	4	83.9	75	98.3	96.5
37	The University of Melbourne	81.4	99.9	97.1	19.9	89.7	98.9	97.3
38	The University of Sydney	80.4	100	100	20.9	87.9	96.8	95.4
39	The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)	80.3	91.8	100	62.6	83.2	88.8	56.7
40	University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)	79.7	26.7	28.9	42.5	90.5	100	99.9
41	KAIST – Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology	79.1	12	8.5	73.1	98.8	87.5	83.1
42	New York University (NYU)	78.9	95.6	14.6	96.6	27.7	95.9	98.6
43	The University of New South Wales (UNSW Sydney)	77.7	99.8	100	15.2	93.5	90.4	94.4
44	Université PSL	77.6	70.5	57.5	99.9	55.1	75.8	95.9
45	Zhejiang University	77.4	63	98.5	88	69	71.2	91.5
46	University of British Columbia	77.1	79	89.1	52.7	46.8	97.6	94.2
47	The University of Queensland	76.6	100	100	25.4	89.4	88.2	80.2
48	University of California, San Diego	76.1	61.8	39.2	62.6	78.4	91	61.1
49	Institut Polytechnique de Paris	75.9	98.1	94.3	99.6	91.6	44.8	98.6
49	The London School of Economics and Political Science	75.8	100	100	45	87.8	72.4	99.2
51	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	75.6	36.3	25	55.2	95.6	83.4	86.7
51	Technical University of Munich	75.6	91.2	56.9	94.5	27.2	84.5	97.6
53	Duke University	75.2	57.4	–	100	45.4	86.9	81.8
54	Carnegie Mellon University	74.6	99.1	34.6	55	99.9	72.7	75
54	City University of Hong Kong	74.6	99.9	100	89.7	96.5	59.4	33
56	University of Amsterdam	73.8	72.9	88.7	33.6	99.5	83.1	55.6
57	Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech)	73.5	36.2	13.7	87.6	71.1	74.6	91.1
58	Delft University of Technology	73.1	85.9	100	41.8	87.8	71.9	87.9
59	Monash University	72.2	100	100	13.9	73.9	88.9	87.2
60	Brown University	71.3	54	78.2	83.2	94.5	58.1	56.3
61	The University of Warwick	71.2	99.4	99	52.1	61.4	73.1	90.8
62	University of Bristol	71	83.6	91.3	67.5	50.7	74.7	84.3
63	Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg	70.8	54.7	36.6	99.7	47	80.1	45.7
64	Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München	70.1	38	49.1	52.7	50	92.8	77.5
65	Universiti Malaya (UM)	69.8	42.6	43.6	76.5	49.6	76.9	91.7
66	The Hong Kong Polytechnic University	69.1	81.3	100	79.2	63.8	67.1	42.9
67	University of Texas at Austin	68.4	15.4	2.1	9.5	96.6	93.6	86.1
68	National Taiwan University (NTU)	68.2	39.2	7	40.8	58.7	92.3	87.4
69	Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)	67.9	71.1	52.8	78.2	1.9	90.2	93.4
70	KU Leuven	67.2	41.4	90.3	8.1	96.9	84.4	56.1
70	University of Zurich	67.2	57.8	100	96.6	53.3	59.3	52.8
72	Sorbonne University	67.1	54.2	14.5	37.4	75.4	90.2	47.4
73	University of Glasgow	66.8	97.9	95.8	59.6	38.7	74.4	74
74	Korea University	66.3	34	4.3	89.5	30.6	77.6	90.4
75	Osaka University	66.2	15.1	7.7	79.1	43.4	80.6	80.6
75	University of Wisconsin-Madison	66.2	27.5	8.1	69.2	58.4	83.4	52.8
77	University of Southampton	65.7	96.9	97.9	59.8	85.4	51.5	60.1
78	Lomonosov Moscow State University	65.6	87.8	7.3	99.8	5.9	79.5	76.5
79	University of Copenhagen	65.5	25.9	91.7	100	27.5	73.5	44.2
79	Yonsei University	65.5	44.1	7.1	89.6	34.4	71.6	92.6
81	Pohang University of Science And Technology	65.4	3	17.6	100	99.7	44.3	64.1
82	Durham University	65.2	91.5	97.8	35.8	80.6	58.3	88.6
82	Tohoku University	65.2	16.5	3.6	98.4	41.3	71.4	73.8
82	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign	65.2	58.1	8	9.8	93.8	86.4	63.5
85	The University of Auckland	65	94.3	99.5	23.7	55.1	83.8	57.3
85	University of Washington	65	38.8	17	12.2	100	85.4	53
87	Universit Paris-Saclay	64.9	46.5	24.7	99.2	46.2	55.5	98.1
88	Lund University	63.8	68.3	92.4	52.6	55.2	70.5	57.2
89	Georgia Institute of Technology	63.5	64.1	71.3	6.9	100	67.8	79.4
90	KTH Royal Institute of Technology	63.2	62.7	97	69.8	78.2	47.3	64.1
91	University of Birmingham	62.9	90	91.6	51.9	47.4	65.5	74.6
92	University of St Andrews	62.8	99.7	99.1	67.6	69.7	46.7	64.7
93	University of Leeds	62.6	89.4	83.9	44	43.4	70.6	79.5
94	The University of Western Australia	62.5	99.9	100	20.4	94.9	58.5	58.1
95	Rice University	62.3	88.5	89.1	78	93.1	40	29.4
96	The University of Sheffield	61.6	98.1	83.7	66.8	44.5	60.4	57.9
97	Pennsylvania State University	61.5	32.6	10	32.5	74.4	75.9	73.2
98	Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)	60.5	38.5	7.2	85.4	46.8	61.5	68.8
99	University of Science and Technology of China	60.1	6.4	8.4	83.6	99.9	52.4	14.4
100	Technical University of Denmark	59.9	76.6	100	100	75	32.1	30
101	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	59.6	11.1	11.8	80.9	53.9	66.3	47.2
102	Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin	59.5	94.2	99.9	27.7	58.9	68.2	48.9
103	University of Oslo	59	29	85	85.5	61	55.4	16.3
104	University of Nottingham	58.9	83.6	90.3	43.5	51	59.1	74.2
105	University of Helsinki	58.5	6.2	56.5	68.5	49.6	67.2	45.8
106	Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)	58.3	3.5	2.9	49.9	3	94.6	93.2
106	University of Geneva	58.3	97.3	100	47.4	83.7	48.7	24.4
108	Washington University in St. Louis	58	68.6	79	99.9	61	41.3	16.3
109	The University of Adelaide	57.9	99.7	100	21.9	90.1	53.3	39.8
109	University of California, Davis	57.9	64.8	76.4	29.7	65.9	66.9	47.2
111	King Abdulaziz University (KAU)	57.7	56.3	99.5	68.9	63.8	41.3	65.7
112	Utrecht University	57.5	24.4	45.5	37.4	82.2	66.1	34.4
113	Université de Montréal	57.3	53.2	88.3	74.1	36.1	56.6	52.5
114	Aalto University	57	37.5	96	47.7	88.4	45.7	45.8
114	Boston University	57	87.6	14.4	41	63.7	62	58.9
114	Leiden University	57	47.3	78.1	24.1	73.5	69.3	32.3
114	University of Southern California	57	81.7	23.4	37.1	77.5	56.2	60.9
118	Purdue University	56.9	50.6	55.8	14.8	77.6	63.3	74.9
119	Queen Mary University of London	56.7	99.5	99.8	51.5	60	50.7	39.4
120	Nagoya University	56.2	20.5	5.1	92	37.4	59.2	51.1
121	University of Bern	56.1	44	100	67.5	97.6	30.4	35
122	The Ohio State University	56	23.2	76.9	58.7	39.3	61.9	64.2
123	Chalmers University of Technology	55.9	72.4	100	70.2	76.1	28.8	62.9
123	Universidade de São Paulo	55.9	3	2.4	18.8	42.3	90.1	71.3
125	Wageningen University & Research	55.8	78.5	35.7	97.9	53.4	42.8	24.9
126	Uppsala University	55.4	60.4	86.3	38.9	53.4	65.1	33
127	Eindhoven University of Technology	55.3	44.1	100	54.3	85.9	29.9	78.9
128	University of Alberta	55.2	81.4	90	48.2	52.7	53.7	47.4
129	Freie Universitaet Berlin	54.9	46.5	50.5	3.5	57.8	80.9	51.8
130	Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin	54.8	33	39.8	9.2	33.1	90.3	63.5
130	University of Groningen	54.8	86.2	92.6	62.2	49.3	51.1	29.1
132	École Normale Supérieure de Lyon	54.6	18.5	51.8	97.2	85.3	32.8	12.4
133	Nanjing University	54.2	9.2	52	30.1	96.4	59.6	17.7
134	Lancaster University	54	97.1	94.6	39.2	82.6	41.2	33.2
135	University of Technology Sydney	53.9	95.2	98.6	8.9	86.3	44.4	71.8
136	Newcastle University	53.8	85.8	92.2	43.3	48.2	45.8	80.8
137	Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (UC)	53.6	3.8	6.5	22.4	14	89.6	97.6
138	KIT, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology	53.4	67.7	58.9	30.5	74	45.3	78.5
139	Kyushu University	53.3	18.9	4.4	86.2	31	56.1	60.2
140	University of Basel	53	86.7	100	49.7	97.2	28.7	25.9
141	McMaster University	52.7	55.3	99.5	86.5	31.4	39.9	51.6
142	Ghent University	52.6	21.1	61.7	84.8	34.3	54.5	25.8
143	Politecnico di Milano	52.5	55.2	40.9	5.1	59.3	66.1	81
144	Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)	52.2	87	32.9	73.9	20.5	53.6	56.4
145	Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)	52	28.4	20.5	94.6	9.2	56.7	59.4
146	Hokkaido University	51.4	17.9	8.1	79.2	32.5	54.8	56
147	University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB)	51.2	37.2	44.1	10.7	95.6	57.8	25.3
148	Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)	51	60.6	16	69.6	16	58.9	63
149	Stockholm University	50.6	63.1	87.5	27.3	65.5	55.6	20.3
150	University of Exeter	50.5	82.9	94.2	37.3	58.5	41.4	57.5
150	University of Waterloo	50.5	83.8	74.7	7.5	85.7	39.6	79.2
152	Cardiff University	50.4	79.4	81.6	48.6	44.3	47.2	47.1
152	University of Vienna	50.4	89.8	98.8	22.6	17.2	70.2	47.4
152	University of York	50.4	74	91.8	54.4	50.2	43.2	37.2
155	University of Rochester	50.3	95.3	57	99.8	52.6	25.2	18.9
156	Aarhus University	50.2	15.8	83.9	32.6	60.1	56	40.2
157	Hanyang University	49.8	31.7	8.9	80.1	30.1	45.2	74.3
158	Michigan State University	49.7	23.6	50.5	13.5	63.3	61	60.7
159	University of Maryland, College Park	49.5	21.9	13.2	43	73.1	51.9	35.9
160	Technische Universität Berlin (TU Berlin)	49.3	80.3	23.6	43.3	30.7	55.7	68.6
161	Emory University	48.6	38.1	30.5	99.4	66.7	25	17.3
162	Case Western Reserve University	48.2	74.1	41.3	86.3	75.9	19	21.7
162	Tecnológico de Monterrey	48.2	8.9	73.6	81.5	2.5	45	90.4
164	King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals	48.1	16.5	100	85.9	54.5	28.7	25.4
164	University of Pittsburgh	48.1	14.6	2.6	97.5	43.9	42.3	18.8
166	RWTH Aachen University	48	75.6	21.9	6.5	60.8	50.2	93.3
167	Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna	47.7	10.3	4.7	3.8	51.8	77.5	46.6
167	University of Bath	47.7	89.5	98.7	22.4	63.3	34.8	69.8
169	Texas A&M University	47.6	15.1	11	6	68.6	61.5	65
169	Universitat de Barcelona	47.6	32.2	3.9	16.1	51	71.3	36.5
171	Western University	47.5	60.4	99.4	5.5	97.4	30.8	63.9
172	Sapienza University of Rome	47.2	10	1.4	4.2	55.9	76.5	38.4
173	Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg	47	43.1	48.9	34.1	66.5	49.9	20.8
174	University College Dublin	46.9	76	99.2	25.9	42.1	49.6	44.6
174	University of Florida	46.9	12.5	6.2	76.4	28.9	49.7	47.9
176	Al-Farabi Kazakh National University	46.8	24.4	13.4	97.2	1.3	45.5	67.7
177	University of Lausanne	46.6	61.7	99.8	52.4	63.9	32.8	19
178	Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen	46.4	24	43.8	94.6	16.3	46	22.1
178	Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IITB)	46.4	1.6	1.5	32.5	55.5	51.3	79.6
180	Erasmus University Rotterdam	46.3	53.7	81.9	35	61.1	35.6	58.2
181	National Tsing Hua University	46.1	20.4	7.2	37.8	53	51.2	59.3
181	Technische Universität Wien	46.1	82.8	70.5	11.5	90.4	32.6	48
181	University of Gothenburg	46.1	63.1	73.5	71.7	37.2	37.9	21.6
184	Khalifa University	46	59.7	100	91.3	65.1	13.7	10.5
184	Universidad de Chile	46	4.9	2.8	12.2	15.3	76.7	92.3
186	Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD)	45.9	1.7	1.2	30.9	70	45.8	70.8
187	Indian Institute of Science	45.7	1.8	1.2	48.8	100	34.2	19.2
187	University of Minnesota Twin Cities	45.7	14.8	2.3	30.6	54.1	61.8	30.1
189	Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)	45.6	42	89.8	6.7	66.8	50.8	38
190	University of Liverpool	45.5	94.9	86.8	44.8	32.2	42.7	37.3
190	University of Twente	45.5	89.1	98.8	37.1	79.3	21	42.3
192	Dartmouth College	45.1	32.5	1.7	71.8	90.1	19.5	30.1
192	Universiti Teknologi Malaysia	45.1	68.3	6.5	55.2	39.2	42.4	53.4
194	University of Wollongong	44.9	76.4	90.8	20.1	82.3	30.4	37.5
195	Curtin University	44.8	46	100	15.2	84.6	31.2	48.2
195	Technische Universität Dresden	44.8	37.1	25.2	86.6	19.5	38	51
195	University of Otago	44.8	47.4	100	16	49.5	50.6	39.2
198	The University of Newcastle, Australia (UON)	44.6	30.5	100	32.9	80.6	30.8	28.6
199	The Hebrew University of Jerusalem	44.5	9.4	51.8	84.5	36.7	34.9	30.8
200	University of Bergen	44.2	8.5	85.5	78.1	45	34.2	10

資料來源：QS 世界大學排名

CWUR vs. QS：你更同意哪種評分方式？

看完 QS 2022 世界大學排名，我們建議你跟 CWUR 2022 世界大學排名做比較。記得要如何評估哪個排名更適合你，對你來說更 “公正”、更有參考價值嗎？如果不太記得，請往上再次閱讀 “QS 的排名可信嗎？跟 CWUR 以及 ‘最具公信力的 US News’ 相比呢？” 的內容喔！

你更同意 QS 的評分方式，還是 CWUR 的呢？